Nearly all pregnancy tests are now very reliable if carried out as soon as it is realised that the period is late. There is usually no need to repeat a positive test in the surgery as the technology used is identical and will give the same result. Pregnancy testing kits are available at all chemists. Ovulation (the release of the egg) takes place about 2 weeks before the start of a subsequent period, so if your period is a week or more late the test should be positive if you are pregnant. If your test is positive, make an appointment to see one of the doctors in the antenatal clinic at the surgery. If you are having problems or if you are not sure about the pregnancy feel free to see any of the doctors in a routine appointment. If the test is positive and you are experiencing vaginal bleeding and abdominal pain you need to be seen urgently.

If the test is negative and your period does not arrive, retest after 1 week. As a rule of thumb, your due date is 9 months and 1 week after the first day of your last period. Adjustments need to be made if your menstrual cycle is irregular or prolonged and if there is uncertainty regarding your dates these can be confirmed by scan if necessary.

Bear in mind that although you may conceive during your first cycle without contraception, it may take a while longer. 80% of couples conceive by 6 months, and 90% by 12 months. Some of the remainder might require help to conceive. Women who do not smoke take on average 2.6 months to conceive; those who smoke take 4 months on average. Smoking also damages your baby.